The Canadian shape is featured by Billiard bowl but with a long oval shank and very short taper mouthpiece. The shape of the bowl could change from a cylindrical billiard to an apple; sometimes Pot bowls are available with longer oval shanks. The long shank allows to have a cooler smoke.
A pipe with a long shank is identified as Canadian, if the length of the oval shank is at least the double of the height of the bowl.
If the short mouthpiece has a saddled, the shape change the name to Lumberman.
You can find Canadian pipes with an extremely long shank! Castello is used to make long shanked Canadian, but the longer pipes probably comes from Radice and Bruto Sordini (Don Carlos). The pipemaker finds several difficults to make a long shanked Canadian. The first problem is to find a good and wide piece of piece of briar, with a nice grain; the other important problem is the drilling of the air hole along the shank, which must be perfectly centred at the bottom of the chamber.

CONNECTED SHAPES

The Liverpool is featured by a longer round shank but with a taper stem.

The Lovat is featured by a longer round shank but with a short saddled mouthpiece.